Relationship between dietary habits and cardiovascular disease risk factors among commercial drivers in northeast Nigeria

Bidemi Bernice Emmanuel; Nnenna Ola  Onuoha

doi:10.51745/najfnr.8.18.241-252

Relationship between dietary habits and cardiovascular disease risk factors among commercial drivers in northeast Nigeria

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Nutrition Education and Dietetics Public Health Nutrition Policy & Economics Nutrition, Metabolism, and Prevention of NCDs

DOI https://doi.org/10.51745/najfnr.8.18.241-252

Issue Vol. 8 No. 18 (2024): July - December, 2024

Submitted 2024-07-24

Accepted 2024-12-14

Published 2024-12-31

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Background: Unhealthy dietary practices are prevalent among commercial drivers, and poor diet quality is well known to predispose individuals to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).

Aims: This study investigated the relationship between dietary habits and cardiovascular disease risk factors among commercial drivers in northeast Nigeria.

Subjects and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in northeast Nigeria, involving 924 commercial drivers selected using a multistage sampling technique. Dietary habits were assessed using a pretested structured Food Frequency Questionnaire adapted from the WHO STEPS survey. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.

Results: Only 16.3% and 8.1% of participants consumed fruits and vegetables daily, with over half failing to meet the recommended daily servings. The majority (82.1%) ate meals during trips, and 56.4% consumed breakfast outside the home. Consumption of carbonated drinks and snacks was reported by 15.2% of drivers. A significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) was observed between the frequency of meals consumed during trips (r = 0.067) and body mass index. A significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) existed between eating during trips (r = -0.134) and blood pressure. Additionally, a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) was found between the consumption of carbonated drinks and snacks (r = 0.183) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), as well as between vegetable servings (r = 0.149) and triglyceride levels.

Conclusions: The low intake of fruits and vegetables and the high reliance on food consumed outside the home among commercial drivers may increase their risk of cardiovascular diseases. Targeted nutrition education is necessary to promote healthier dietary habits among this population.

Keywords

Dietary habits Association Commercial drivers Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Lipid profile Cardiovascular disease risk factors

Bidemi Bernice Emmanuel

Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Federal University Wukari. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka
Nnenna Ola Onuoha

Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka

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Emmanuel, B. B., & Onuoha, N. O. (2024). Relationship between dietary habits and cardiovascular disease risk factors among commercial drivers in northeast Nigeria. The North African Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 8(18), 241-252. https://doi.org/10.51745/najfnr.8.18.241-252

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